Invasive Alien Species Effects include: Reduced Growth & Regeneration, Mortality, Extinction Chestnut blight, DED, gypsy moth, Bn Canker, EAB, ALHB, Beech Bark Disease, Sirex wood wasp, garlic mustard, buckthorn, dog strangling vine, earthworms! https://www.ontario.ca/page/invasive-species-ontario